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Citations to highly-cited researchers by their co-authors and their self-citations: How these factors affect highly-cited researchers' h-index in Scopus
Leila Dehghani,Reza Basirian Jahromi,Mazyar Ganjoo
Webology , 2011,
Abstract: The h-index is one of the recent indicators in the field of scientometric which introduced by Jorge Hirsch and measures both the productivity and impact of scholars' work. It has been widely used to show the relevance of the research work of prominent scholars. But, does h-index really show this relevance? The purpose of this study is to investigate the frequency of citations to highly-cited researchers by their co-authors, as well as to quantify the weight of self-citations of highly-cited researchers' in three fields of science: clinical medicine, computer science, and economics & business. Finally, we seek to evaluate the impact of these two elements on their h-index in the Scopus database. In this research, highly-cited researchers were selected from the three fields via HighlyCited.com. The study population includes 999 highly-cited researchers in these three fields (280 authors in clinical medicine, 373 authors in computer science, and 346 authors in economics & business). The results show that the average rate of self-citations and co-author citations in clinical medicine is more than computer science, and in computer science is more than economics & business. The results show that there is a positive correlation between self-citation and total citations (P<0.01) in these three fields. The results also show that there is a positive correlation between "co-author citations" and total citations (P<0.01). Moreover, there is a positive correlation between self-citations and h-index of highly-cited researchers as well as co-author citations and h-index of highly-cited researchers in the above-mentioned three fields. It is seen that there is a significant difference in self-citations behavior and co-author citation behavior in different fields which relates to subject context. Co-author citation is an indicator which, on the one hand, not under control of own researcher and, on the other hand, represents the structure of scientific communications. Although the number of citations is not necessarily increased by raising the number of authors, but co-author citations increased by raising the number of co-authors.
Identification of Site of Morphine Action in Pregnant Wistar Rat Placenta Tissue: A C14-Morphine Study
Masoomeh Kazemi,Hedayat Sahraei,Leila Dehghani
Cell Journal , 2012,
Abstract: Objective: In previous studies it has been emphasized that the site of morphine action may be either in the embryo or the placenta. In the present study, we attempt to identify the site of morphine action on the fetal section of Wistar rat placenta by using C14-morphine.Materials and Methods: In this study (experimental), female Wistar rats (weights: 170-200 g) were mated with male rats and their coupling times recorded. Experimental groups received daily doses of 0.05 mg/ml of C14-morphine in their drinking water. On the 9th and14th embryonic days, the pregnant rats were anesthetized and the placenta and uterus surgically removed. Placentas were fixed in 10% formalin for two weeks, then processed, sectioned in 5 μm and 25 μm thicknesses, and fixed on glass slides for further evaluation. The 25 μm sections were delivered to black and white film for three days. Films were processed and evaluated with a digital inverse microscope for possible radiological impression. The 5 μm sections were processed for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and evaluated by light microscope and MOTIC software.Results: Our results indicated that the site of action of C14-morphine was possibly located on the blood plexus of the fetal portion of the placenta. In addition, oral morphine consumption was shown to inhibit fetal and maternal placental development in the experimental groups.Conclusion: We conclude that morphine’s effectiveness on the reduction of embryo growth and development may be via its effects on the blood plexus of the fetal section of the placenta.
Bilateral optic nerve head drusen with chorioretinal coloboma in the right eye
Ali Reza Dehghani,Heshmatollah Ghanbari,Leila Rezaei
- , 2016, DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.178798
Abstract: Chorioretinal coloboma is a congenital defect of the eye caused by improper closure of the embryonic fissure. Optic nerve head drusen (ONHD) are white calcareous deposits that are generally asymptomatic. We report a very rare association of both in a healthy patient with no any systemic syndrome. A 16-year-old man was referred to our clinic from suffering blurred vision. Best corrected visual acuity of the right eye was 6/10 and 10/10 in the left one. External ocular and slit lamp examination were normal. Dilated ophthalmoscopy showed marked swelling in both optic nerves and chorioretinal coloboma in the right eye inferiorly. Ultrasonography showed an echodense structure with acoustic shadowing in both eyes consistent with buried ONHD. Visual field testing showed normal field in the left eye and moderate superior field depression in the right eye corresponding to inferior coloboma in funduscopy. Results of general medical and neurologic, cardiologic, and other examinations were normal. To the best our knowledge combination of bilateral ONHD and unilateral chorioretinal coloboma in a healthy patient with no any systemic syndrome has not been published in the literature. We reported this very rare association and recommended examine eyes and other body organs. In such cases that coloboma is associated with ONHD, we should keep in mind Noonan syndrome. The diagnosis of Noonan syndrome is clinical and confirm by the consultant pediatricians and clinical geneticists
Investigating Methods of Transferring Tacit Knowledge among Nursing Experts of Iranian Hospitals
Leila Dehghani,Reza Basirian Jahromi,Mazyar Ganjoo,Maryam Akhundzadeh
International Journal of Information Science and Management , 2013,
Abstract: Nursing tacit knowledge is a knowledge that is produced inside the mind of nurses and not saved in any databases. The main challenge of nursing knowledge management is transferring tacit knowledge inside the mind of nurses to the others- especially scholars and researchers. This study evaluates personal, organizational, and technological factors affecting the tacit knowledge transfer among nursing experts. It also assesses the most important ways of tacit knowledge transfer among hospital nurses. This study applied survey method. The population was all nursing experts of Bushehr governmental hospitals nurses which were 480 and finally 215 nurses were selected as the sample. Data collection tool included a researcher-made questionnaire. Descriptive and analytical statistics tests were used. It was revealed that the most important way of tacit knowledge transfer among nursing experts was participating in continuing educational courses. Findings indicated that the most important personal factor affecting tacit knowledge transfer was job security; most important organizational factor was rewards system; and most important technological factor was independent physical environment and educational technologies.
Fertility Outcome after Treatment of Unruptured Ectopic Pregnancy with Two Different Methotrexate Protocols
Afsar Tabatabaii Bafghi,Fatemah Zaretezerjani,Leila Sekhavat,Raziah Dehghani Firouzabadi
International Journal of Fertility & Sterility , 2012,
Abstract: Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the success rates of 70 patients from thesame database, each with an ectopic pregnancy (EP) that was treated with either the single- ormulti-dose methotrexate (MTX) protocols for unruptured EPs.Materials and Methods: This study was a blinded, randomized clinical trial. Treatment protocolswere either single- (50 mg/m2) dose MTX or multi-dose (1 mg/kg MTX + 0.1 mg/kg folinic acid).There were 35 cases in each group. The outcome was measured by adverse events, resolution ofpregnancy without surgical treatment, success rate of MTX treatment, and fertility outcome in eachgroup.Results: With the single-dose protocol, response to treatment was considered successful in 29(82.9%) patients; in the multi-dose protocol 31 (88.6%) responded to treatment. The differencebetween success rates in the groups was not statistically significant (p=0.587). In the singledosegroup, 2 (5.7%) patients and in the multi-dose group, 6 (17.2%) patients had complications(p=0.28). Of the 14 patients in the single-dose group. Clinical pregnancy occurred in 9 (75%)whereas clinical pregnancy occurred in 3 (25%) patients from the multi-dose group. Infertilitywas seen in 4 (33.3%) patients in the single-dose group and in 8 (66.7%) in the multi-dosegroup.Conclusion: We believe that the single-dose MTX protocol could be as successful as multi-doseMTX for the treatment of EP. It is effective, cost-effective, and associated with better fertilityoutcomes than the multi-dose MTX protocol (Registration Number: IRCT201112178435N1).
The effect of morphine consumption on plasma corticosteron concentration and placenta development in pregnant rats
Masoomeh Kazemi,Hedayat Sahraei,Mahnaz Azarnia,Leila Dehghani
Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine , 2011,
Abstract: Background: Previous studies have shown that morphine consumption during pregnancy may delay embryo development or cause abnormal nervous system function. Objective: The present study focused on the effect of maternal morphine consumption on development of placenta and blood corticosteron concentration in addictive pregnant mothers.Materials and Methods: 24 female rats, 170-200g weight, were used. The experimental groups after pregnancy received an oral dose of 0.05 mg/ml of morphine by tap water while the control group received only tap water. On 10th and 14th day of pregnancy, rats were anesthetized and placenta removed surgically, 1ml blood was collected from each pregnant mother from retro-orbital sinus, the concentration of blood corticosteron was determined by corticosteron Elisa kit after centrifugation. The fixed tissue was processed, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Placenta was studied microscopically according to the thickness of layers, area of blood cisterns, and the number of cells.Results: Comparing the plasma corticosteron concentration of the treatment and the control groups, not only a severe increase in the treatment group was detected, but also the thickness of maternal and embryonic portions of the placenta at day 10th and 14th of gestation was different significantly (p≤0.05). Furthermore, an increase in number of cells in maternal and embryonic portion of placenta and a decrease in blood cistern area were demonstrated in both the experimental and the control groups.Conclusion: The effects of morphine, including an increase in blood concentration of corticosteron, in dependent pregnant mothers were seen. Development of placenta in the experimental group was delayed.
Comparison of interval duration between single course antenatal corticosteroid administration and delivery on neonatal outcomes
Leila Sekhavat,Raziah Dehghani Firouzabadi,Sedighah Akhavan Karbasi
Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association , 2011,
Abstract: Objective: This study was performed to determine the effect of antenatal corticosteroid the interval between administration and delivery affect on neonatal outcomes.Material and Methods: An observational study was performed on all deliveries between 28-34 weeks gestation where delivery occurred vaginally after completing a single course of antenatal corticosteroid (dexamethasone). Women were divided into 3 groups on the basis of the interval from first corticosteroid dose to delivery (<2 days, 2-7 and >7 days). The primary outcome was the need for neonatal resuscitation and the secondary outcome was respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), which was described as “need for ventilation with positive pressure O2 during the first 24 hrs of life”. P value <0.05 was significant.Results: Of 104 neonates whose mothers received a full course of antenatal corticosteroid, 29 delivered <2 days, 41 delivered 2-7 days, and 34 delivered more than 7 days after the initial dose. Overall, those delivering within 2 days after the first injection of corticosteroid had more need for resuscitation and ventilation than those infants delivering between 2-7 days and after 7 days. Infants delivering between 2-7 days had a lower incidence of need for resuscitation and receiving respiratory support for more than 24 hours. Conclusion: We found that the interval between corticosteroid administration and delivery influences the incidence of need for resuscitation and ventilation. Infants delivering less than 2 days of corticosteroid exposure have a higher frequency of need for resuscitation and ventilation than delivering between 2-7 days and after 7 days.
Case-Based Assessment of Medical Students’ Knowledge and Skill on Principles of Drug Prescription Principles
Leila Bazrafcan,Mohammad Dehghani,Nasrin Shokrpour,Ali Hekmatpanah Dehkor
Journal of Studies in Education , 2012, DOI: 10.5296/jse.v3i1.2755
Abstract: Prescription of drugs follows some principles about which the medical students should be aware, and they should practice them efficiently so that they become experienced in the field. This study aims to determine the practice and knowledge of drug prescription in senior medical students. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 140 students from Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using self administered questionnaires in the format of case study and essay questions. The questions were designed based on principles of drug prescription presented to the interns in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences on the subjects including drug indication, interaction and side effects; contraindication of drugs in pregnancy; maximum drugs prescribed in one prescription letter; and the rules of insurance organizations in Iran. The data analysis was performed using SPSS, version 15. Content validity of multiple choice questions was confirmed by expert opinion and the consensus of four reference texts. 120 students participated in this study with a response rate of 85.7%. As to the knowledge of medical students, only 34.18% of them were competent in prescribing drugs; however, no one got a full score in the exam. 27.73% of them answered the questions incompletely, and 30.09% of them showed wrong prescription. Most mistakes were related to drug interaction, antibiotics and analgesics drugs (68.3%). As to the reference books of pharmacology, 16.9% had complete knowledge, 54.8% moderate level of knowledge, 28.3% had no information about that. This study shows that the knowledge of medical students as to drug prescription is inadequate. Also, many studies have approved that effective education has a significant effect on improvement of drug prescription by physicians. We recommend interventions such as curriculum development to increase the students’ skills. This should be taken into account in further research and by public health professionals and health policy makers.
Time-Dependent Effect of Oral Morphine Consumption on the Development of Cytotrophoblast and Syncytiotrophoblast Cells of the Placental Layers during the Three Different Periods of Pregnancy in Wistar Rats
Leila Dehghani,Hedayat Sahraei,Rokhsareh Meamar,Masoomeh Kazemi
Clinical and Developmental Immunology , 2013, DOI: 10.1155/2013/974205
Abstract:
Effects of Oral Morphine on the Larvae, Pupae and Imago Development in Drosophila Melanogaster
Elaheh Tekieh,Masoomeh Kazemi,Leila Dehghani,Sina Bahramyian
Cell Journal , 2011,
Abstract: Objective: Previous studies, focusing on the effects of abused drugs, have used miceor rats as the main animal models; the present study tries to introduce a simple animalmodel. For this propose, we investigated the effects of oral morphine consumption byparents on the development of larvae, pupae and imago in Drosophila Melanogaster (D.Melanogaster).Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, twenty male and 20 female D. Melanogasterpupae were housed in test tubes with banana (5 pupae /tube). Male and femalegroups each were divided into three experimental group and one control group, whichwere maintained at 25°C. Morphine (0.2, 0.02, 0.002 mg/ml) was added into the test tubesof the experimental groups. The control group maintained at morphine-free test tube. Themale and female groups with the same treatment were coupled and then female fertilization,egg deposit, larval, pupae and imago stages were studied macro and microscopically.The SPSS software (version 9.01) was used for statistical evaluations.Results: In the experimental groups, in the larvae stage, both increase and decrease oflength and surface area in the pupae stage were observed. The number of larvae pupae,and imago was reduced in the experimental groups.Conclusion: The study showed that oral morphine consumption by parents may affect thedevelopment of larvae, pupation and imago stages in D. Melanogaster. The results alsoshowed that D. Melanogaster may be a reliable animal
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